Representative image: In this image of the globular cluster NGC 1805, taken by the Hubble Space Telescope, many brightly colored stars are packed closely together.
(ESA / Hubble & NASA, J. Kalirai)
Researchers at Northwestern University (NU) found that by examining all three “flavors” involved in a supernova, they found more clues about how and why stars die.
Contrary to the previous practice of simplifying studies by examining one taste and ignoring the other two, the researchers of the new study created a nonlinear simulation of a “fast conversion” when three neutrino flavors are present, with a fast conversion through neutrinos interact and change their aromas.
They removed the assumption that the three flavors of neutrinos, muon, electron, and tau neutrinos, have the same angular distribution, giving them a different distribution each. A two-flavor construction of the same concept deals with electron neutrinos and “x” neutrinos, where x can be either muon or tau neutrinos and where the differences between the two are insignificant.
When an enormous number of neutrinos start to vibrate during the massive explosion of a core collapse supernova. Interactions between neutrinos change the properties and behavior of the entire system and create a coupled relationship.
Therefore, when the neutrino density is high, some of the neutrinos exchange aromas. When different flavors are emitted in different directions deep within a star, conversions occur rapidly and are known as “rapid conversions”.
Interestingly, the study showed that the higher the number of neutrinos, their conversion rates also increase regardless of their mass, reports the Xinhua news agency.
“We’re trying to convince the community that if you factor in these quick conversions, you need to use all three flavors to understand them,” said senior author Manibrata Sen, a postdoctoral fellow currently at NU on the Network for Neutrinos, Nuclear, Astrophysics and Symmetries Program works at the University of California, Berkeley.
“A proper understanding of fast vibrations can actually hold the key to why some stars explode from supernovae.”
In the next step, the researchers hope to make their results more general by including spatial dimensions in addition to the components momentum and time. The study was published in the journal Physical Examination Letters.
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